Kerbala

Hazrat Muawiya became caliph after Hazrat Ali and shifted the capital from kufa to Damascus (Damishque in Arabic). He founded the first navy in Muslim history to fight the Byzantine fleet in the Mediterranean Sea.Towards the end of his life, he nominated his son, Yazid,and asked the people to promise loyalty to Yazid.Muslim historians see this as the beginning of monarchy(or the rule of kings) in the history of Islam(a king is always succeeded by his son or some other close member of his family). The rule of Yazid was strongly opposed by Iman Husain (razi Allah anhu), the son of Hazrat Ali. He was martyred, along with his family members, in Kerbala in 680.